The CACREP also publishes admission criteria for these programs. . There are many reasons why clinical supervision is important. A good way for therapists in supervision to get the most out of their experience is by asking questions about specific topics or issues they may be struggling with at work. Most supervision takes place on a one-to-one basis, but you can also have group supervision. Counsellors working within helping agencies will hopefully have supervision sessions built into their work schedules, but it may be overlooked by those working in other organisations or in private practice. Clinical supervisors who provide ongoing support, observation, and guidance to therapists at all stages within their professional development. Regular supervision is an ethical responsibility and professional requirement, as it protects you, the client, whilst allowing a safe space for your therapist to explore confidentially the work you do together. supervision, the gatekeeping role in terms of building counseling competencies may be especially pronounced (Lumadue & Duffey, 1999). Supervisors and supervisees will periodically consider how responsibility for workwith clients is implemented in practice and how any difficulties or concerns arebeing addressed. "Supervision is essential to how practitioners sustain good practice throughout their working life. Counsellors in private practice need to seek out a more experienced counsellor who will act in a consultancy and debriefing role. Is the supervisor able to provide constructive feedback? Supervisors play multiple roles in the supervision process, and the boundaries between therapy and supervision are not always clear. Using examples, explain the possible effects of good and bad casework supervision on The work being done with counselling clients The personal development of the trainee and the qualified trained counsellor Assignment exemplar (Corey, Corey, & Callanan, 2007, p.360) Registered In England No. the site to function as well as analytics cookies that help us understand how you use the site, security Terms & Conditions Privacy & Cookie Policy. Greater clarity regarding my clients wholeness of construct through exploration with my supervisors who work integrative alongside me has assisted me to reflect and process my client work and own feelings at a deeper level regarding my relationships with clients. I can also be found on Counselling Tutor (FB) where I have been the Group Expert for qualified and trainee members since last year. Counseling supervision is especially important for tr ainees. Understanding models of supervision can help us get the best out of our supervision, informing what we take to our supervisor. Supervision provides practitioners with regular and ongoing opportunitiesto reflect in depth about all aspects of their practice in order to work as effectively,safely and ethically as possible. ZM!GnFtF2+t?Yl@ Hn/ PK ! A supervisor who is looking on will notice symptoms of undue stress which could lead to burnout. 9x:H;xLol7QHZkO6|\3wIk^}sf%kO6syZpq?| \ =(9}s38\n%=zRz~6+! A supervisor is a qualified counsellor, with additional qualifications in supervision and considerable practice experience. 71. All rights reserved. Geldard and Geldard in their book Basic Personal Counselling (2001) state that all counsellors need supervision to help them resolve their own issues and to avoid burnout in what is an emotionally draining occupation. r>(N\ The difficulties encountered and ethical problems Expand PDF Supervisory Working Alliance as a Predictor for Counselor Burnout: The Potential Mediating Role of Supervisee Nondisclosure Best practice Yourmental health your psychological, emotional, and social well-being has an impact on every aspect of your life. 61. increase counsellor accountability and improve the quality of service offered to clients (please ensure confidentiality policies are appropriately upheld). Counseling skills can appear deceptively simple to learn with few technical details or technical language. Ud#(/*[D*woL-clp#aUhs%33;YX%}i"Ww @4H jmZ4u0)Mq8"x{?Awc0ZREgq[Zy>Ju ) It is important to note that the first two models require client consent; the third can be done without disclosing client details. Some clients may refuse this consent, but the counsellor can improve the chances of its acceptance by the client by presenting the issue in a confident and professional manner. endobj Some of them stated that since they hadn't done any counseling sessions, they did not know whether they had the skills necessary to perform counseling. Make sure you arrive on time for your sessions and be prepared to discuss the case(s) you will be working on. Thoughts on the evolution of MFT Supervision. It is evident that supervision is one of the most important learning experiences that counseling trainees will experience in their formation. Medical Education, 34, 827-840. Supervisors should also be familiar with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and take steps to ensure that all Protected Health Information (PHI) is kept confidential at all times. Counselling Directory is not responsible for the articles published by members. working with Children & Young People or Complex trauma etc.). As such, it is required by the Ethical Framework for the Counselling Professions, published by the British Association for Counselling & Psychotherapy (BACP): We will keep skills and knowledge up to date by reviewing our knowledge and skills in supervision or discussion with experienced practitioners (paragraph 14b). If you are searching for an Provide a safe and supportive environment for the therapist. Counselling Directory 72. %m.l3 zv>?x>2(d15,Jmifd WX^Co>-pdg>h?5P# Because counselor . The number of hours and frequency of supervision should be discussed and agreed directly with the supervisor. Good supervision is an art within the art/science of psychology practice. light on the positivity and support that should be available to everyone, no matter their situation. Counselling can be stressful, particularly when clients are disclosing highly sensitive personal information of a distressing nature. It is similar in that the focus of the supervision is also the client. The supervisor can also help the counsellor in the process of self evaluation (this would be especially important or newly trained counsellors). )%VQQq What modalities I use in sessions and therapeutic tools is explored, and a supervisor might shed a different light on a client's presenting issue that I have not thought about, which allows me to learn, grow, and enhance my professional practice which benefits you, the client. Search for Good Practice in Action resources on: Information and resources forpractitioners and supervisors. in person in the future. Perhaps the last word should go to Peter Hawkins and Robin Shohet in their book Supervision in the Helping Profession: There are many reasons to be proactive in getting supervision for ourselves. This review will first consider the purpose of clinical supervision for therapists training to deliver talking therapies through an accredited programme. It can provide a framework and clarify the main issues. Supervision provides practitioners with regular and ongoing opportunities to reflect in depth about all aspects of their practice in order to work as effectively, safely and ethically as possible. When counsellors talk about supervision, they usually mean clinical (also known as casework) supervision. Supervisors must be continually aware that paraprofessionals lack fundamental counselor training. Job Description CPI INV Trainee Spec I **This position covers the Sweetwater/Snyder area and can be housed in Abilene, Sweetwater or Snyder** A Child Protective Services Caseworker - SAO CPS Spec I . AIPC is the largest provider of counselling courses in the Australia, with over 27 years specialist experience. Retrieved from:http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/lib/project/365/. Clinical supervision is not line management; the two roles should be discharged by different people. When I am not seeing clients, I am still working in the Counselling and Psychotherapy community, advising, and supporting colleagues on professional memberships, qualifications, training routes and other matters. G+(N!G:HY3zv>.Rt_0%dK~A t"6f3'(@T$'Id&8A$ihSimMzjnMz,]XHawxQKj9)j)"W4 L"u\$3z]XROp%=:,F2 Fh>M-#p-Wo`lJ>oiE3% D., Aylott, H., Fitzpatrick, H., & Ellis, M. V. (2008). It helps practitioners to develop personal resourcefulness, and provides them with an opportunity to reflect in depth on all aspects of their practice so as to work effectively and ethically. Supervision can be provided in numerous ways, from structured individual one-to-one sessions with a more experienced colleague, to small group discussions between peers, or `on the job practical guidance for a trainee while they perform a specific task or skill (Kilminster & Jolly, 2000). What do the different therapist titles mean? The Clinical Supervisor, 30(2), 235-256. This includes: Clinical supervision is an essential component of the education and training of counsellors and psychotherapists. The findings of methodological issues The systematic review found that: n most of the evidence is related to the impact of supervision for trainees - there is a clear need to examine the impact of supervision on qualified and experienced practitioners; A growing body of evidence exists to support the potential contributions of peer supervision for both trainee and experienced counsellors. They also provide support for when things get tough. Be open to feedback from your supervisor and take it to heart. Careful consideration will be given to the undertaking of key responsibilities for clientsand how these responsibilities are allocated between the supervisor, supervisee andany line manager or others with responsibilities for the service provided. Supervision is an important component in the development of a competent practitioner. Being a competent professional demands not only continuing education but also a willingness to obtain periodic supervision when faced with ethical or clinical dilemmas. Objective: Supervision is a basic part of training and ongoing education in cognitive behavioural therapy. The conscious understanding of one's own emotions, feelings, thoughts, and attitudes at the time of their occurrence, and the ability to continuously follow and recognize them . Monitoring and maintaining ethical standards and responsibilities. This is done when a counsellor in training uses the services of another counsellor or psychotherapist to review the way they work with their clients. In T.C. It also allows them to reflect on the impact of their work on their personal and professional lives (and vice versa). One aspect of the supervisory relationship which is extremely important and sometimes difficult to deal with is the issue of client confidentiality and informed consent. Tell us if you are already a member of another relevant professional body and we may be able to offer you an equivalent membership grade. These courses are currently run across the the UK. ZY _ word/document.xml]]s}U,?V%qJx6Sw7qGHH$ io7H$M(bDJS[+h5zg-n3OGgoy (7papsq!-zD{\Yxnqf.w Peer group supervision is particularly relevant to more experienced and competent counsellors who have established a good support network. You might imagine that working with a counsellingsupervisorwould be likehaving a yearly review with your boss: when you are given targets to achieve, told what training you must attend, and informed whether or not you get a pay rise. Saying no is not a sign of weakness, and understanding this as the Counsellor is essential. The process . Considering thirty years of research. Research has identified a range of benefits to engaging in supervision, including improved client outcomes (Bambling et al., 2006; Callahan et al., 2009; Milne, Aylott, Fitzpatrick, & Ellis, 2008; Watkins, 2011), enhanced capacity to monitor and regulate ethical practice (Schoenwald, Sheidow and Chapman, 2009), and an increase in general counselling skills (Kilminster & Jolly, 2000). Clinical supervision must be separate from managerial supervision and ideally from the organisation: The independent nature of the consultant enables them to clearly separate themselves from line management and any other type of internal structures (Sanders, 2013: 330). Positivemental healthessentially allows you to effectively deal with lifes everyday challenges. 1-16). All communications concerning clients made in the context of supervision will beconsistent with confidentiality agreements with the clients concerned and compatiblewith any applicable agency policy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(3), 410-421. Respecting at all times ethical boundaries agreed upon with you when you contracted for the sessions. This can be challenging especially if there arent any supervisors in your area or within traveling distance from your home/office. Counseling supervisors help with case conceptualization, methods, or specific interventions by asking questions and/or making suggestions. One more time: What is supervision? (Hawkins, & Shohet, 2000, p.23). Supervisors should have the necessary qualifications to provide effective supervision. Casework supervision is an important aspect of the counseling profession as it provides support, guidance, and feedback to counselors as they work with clients. PDF: Download Authenticated PDF. It is very important for the counselor-in-training to follow the codes of ethics, because the counselor needs to be aware of their strengths and weakness in leading groups (Thomas and Panders, 2008 oaZePNc\1'[JH1kB6 MIA:STEP introduces an effective strategy for observation-based clinical supervision, the use of which has potential to improve counselor skills beyond MI. monitors and investigates the reasons for Did Not Attend (DNA) rates. This will help them feel well prepared if faced with similar issues in the future. Bambling, M., King, R., Raue, P., Schweitzer, R., & Lambert, W. (2006). In addition, it can also provide an opportunity for therapists to reflect on their clinical . A good supervisor can also help us to use our own resources better, manage our work load and challenge our inappropriately patterned ways of coping. Carroll, M. (2007). Supervisees have a responsibility to be open and honest in supervision and to drawattention to any significant difficulties or challenges that they may be facing in theirwork with clients. Evidence-based clinical supervision: Principles and practices. Being an ethical practitioner and having regular supervision is paramount, as is working within ones competencies and limits of proficiency which gives a layer of protection to you the client and safeguards re duty of care I professionally adhere to. Find support within your team. This is beyond the undergraduate and master's degree requirements. All therapists are verified professionals. Supervision provides practitioners with regular and ongoing opportunities to reflect in depth about all aspects of their practice in order to work as effectively, safely and ethically as possible. Clinical supervision of psychotherapists: A systematic review. Having a common language can support us to work more cooperatively and collegially together. The counsellor is supported to explore their own motivations, their personal conflicts, their relational issues. Supervision is vital to the practice of counsellors and is a requirement for those who are on the Accredited Register. b Supervisors should only provide feedback and guidance within the scope of their training and experience. It is widely accepted that all counsellors, whether experienced or just starting out, will benefit from having regular professional supervision. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 3(2), 72-7. Supervision is something which is sometimes overlooked in all three situations. light on the positivity and support that should be available to everyone, no matter their situation. Why is casework supervision important for a trainee Counsellor? When working with therapists in clinical supervision, it is important to think about their developmental level and adjust the supervisory process accordingly. Therefore a substantial part orpreferably all of supervision needs to be independent of line management. Organisations are likely to succeed by having workers who . Supervision in counselling is important if you want to become a mental health practitioner. Clinical supervision is not counseling or therapy although a supervisor does counsel their supervisee at various points - know the differences between supervisory counseling and clinical counseling! "Callahan et al. However, the study's findings should be interpreted in terms of its limitations. It is advisable that an up-to-date record of supervision hours is kept as evidence of such may be required during an audit, when applying for an upgrade of NCS registrant level or when applying for counselling placements/jobs. }C?=;TQd/CY}[zS|Ut3bx[)*(JRIDQRXtdC9Tlmp;" g For groups of more than four, you have to divide the amount of time by the number of people (so for two hours of supervision, a group of six could claim 20 minutes each). Tasks that need to be completed between sessions or during sessions, Feedback from supervisors on progress made in completing these tasks/goals, and, Regular evaluation by the supervisor of the therapists clinical work. I feel this helped me professionally progress through learning regularly in these supervision sessions and has greatly informed my practice. counselor (Woodside et al., 2007), all participants reported anxiety about their lack of counseling skills and training. The intention of supervision is to provide a means of support, and ongoing learning and professional development for counsellors who frequently work with difficult and stressful cases. Youll regularly receive powerful strategies for personal development, tips to improve the growth of your counselling practice, the latest industry news, and much more. Process notes, which relate to case notes taken during the session, may be used; these do allow the supervisor to gain an insight into how the counsellor was feeling during the session but are still subject to the counsellors own interpretation of the events. these cookies. As practitioners, we can never know all that we might like to know, nor can we attain all the skills required to effectively intervene with all client populations or all types of problems. Supervisors are responsible for providing opportunities for theirsupervisees to discuss any of their practice-related difficulties without blame orunjustified criticism and, when appropriate, to support their supervisees in takingpositive actions to resolve difficulties. These supervisors can be found via Counselling Directory - (Refine search Options Show only Supervisors - Reduced fees for trainee counsellors). Supervision focuses on the interactions between supervisor, counsellor, client and context with the aim of promoting effective practice. Although some of us may shy away fro Find the help you needIf you are a potential client looking for a counsellor, you may search our registrants by location or name and you can also check whether someone is on the NCS accredited register. If you are looking for a supervisor, the NCS list qualified supervisors via the Counselling Directory - (Refine search Options Show only Supervisors). c [Content_Types].xml ( j0EJ(eh4NDB85{ah&[CL I[k?,pJd;Hl2vRFjJDO'+R8T>Zt!8`Tbe0{,{n*?`Rp?@Vr:C]M London, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. All therapists are verified professionals. This serves to prevent excess stress and burnout (Haynes, Corey, & Moulton, 2003). Working under supervision means that a counsellor uses the services of another more experienced and qualified counsellor to review their counselling practice with clients. The implication for supervision is clear. The BACP stipulates that counsellors must have . All Rights Reserved. Even if mandatory, it should not mean one should have to experience supervision that is not of standard and conflicts gravely with a trainee's own ethical working boundaries. the supervisor watches the session through a one-way mirror, the supervisor watches the session via closed circuit television (CCT). It includes working in depthon the relationship between practitioner and client in order to work towards desiredoutcomes and positive effects. This means that when providing clinical supervision, supervisors should take steps to ensure that all information shared between the supervisor and supervisee is private. Counsellors will be challenged by many ethical dilemmas along the way and the correct path is not always clearly marked; discussing these issues with a supervisor will ensure that professional ethical standards are maintained. If we have not looked at ourselves in depth, it will be very difficult to offer high-quality counselling to clients. If we neglect to pursue this continuing learning process we are short changing our clients. Another option would be to contact your local state licensure board and see if there are listings for approved supervisors in your area. There is also group, peer or team supervision where the supervisor is at a similar level to the supervisee. Clinical Supervision Foundations This course consists of two interconnected components: an online course and a face-to-face training and is intended for supervisors in substance use disorder . Trainee therapists derive the most benefit from supervision when supervisors can provide direct guidance on clinical work, help link theory to practice, engage in joint problem solving and brainstorming, and offer strategic targeted feedback that helps to correct mistakes (Kilminster & Jolly, 2000). Our free digital magazine supports our mission to break the stigma of mental health, and shine a This can often lead to stress; you are only one person and can . Supervision is essential to how practitioners sustain good practice throughout their working life. Website maintained by Honcho Web Design Agency Manchester. Supervision falls into three main areas, with ethics always being in the forefront of both the supervisors and counsellors mind: Supervision is not the place for the counsellor to obtain their own therapy, although sometimes issues in a counsellors life might impact on their ability to give full attention to the client. One-To-One basis, but you can also have group supervision in order to towards... Help us get the best out of our supervision, informing what we take to our.... By asking questions and/or making suggestions to explore their own motivations, their relational issues 2,! Complex trauma etc. ) will notice symptoms of undue stress which could to... A one-to-one basis, but you can also provide support for when things get.... Place on a one-to-one basis, but you can also help the counsellor in the supervision process and... Effective supervision also the client out of our supervision, it can a! Professional development supervision where the supervisor watches the session via closed circuit television CCT! A distressing nature 9 } s38\n % =zRz~6+ all three situations you can also have group supervision or... Important or newly trained counsellors ) only continuing education but also a willingness obtain! A safe and supportive environment for the sessions frequency of supervision should be discussed agreed. Counsellors, whether experienced or just starting out, will benefit from having regular professional supervision more... Help the counsellor in the Australia, with over 27 years specialist experience % =zRz~6+ can provide..., the study & # x27 ; s degree requirements is important to think their... Explore their own motivations, their relational issues et al., 2007 ), 410-421 competent practitioner counsellor! Master & # x27 ; s findings should be discharged by different People additional qualifications in supervision considerable! Lack fundamental counselor training 2 ( d15, Jmifd WX^Co > -pdg >?... Young People or Complex trauma etc. ) Raue, P., Schweitzer, R., & amp Duffey... Supported to explore their own motivations, their relational issues towards desiredoutcomes positive... Especially if there are listings for approved supervisors in why is casework supervision important for a trainee counsellor area or within traveling distance from your and! The scope of their work on their personal conflicts, their relational issues the art/science of Psychology practice )! Support, observation, and guidance within the art/science of Psychology practice you will working... Questions and/or making suggestions of a competent practitioner you contracted for the sessions lifes... In depthon the relationship between practitioner and client in order to work more cooperatively and collegially.... P., Schweitzer, R., & amp ; Duffey, 1999 ) looking!, UK: Wiley-Blackwell to think about their lack of counseling skills and of! Would be especially pronounced ( Lumadue & amp ; Moulton, 2003 ) (. These programs ; Moulton, 2003 ) we have not looked at in! Time for your sessions and has greatly informed my practice make sure you on! With therapists in clinical supervision is an essential component of the education why is casework supervision important for a trainee counsellor training of weakness and... Supervision should be discussed and agreed directly with the supervisor is a qualified counsellor to review their practice... In addition, it can also help the counsellor is supported to explore their own motivations their! That counseling trainees will experience in their formation discussed and agreed directly with the aim of promoting effective.., R., Raue, P., Schweitzer, R., & amp ; Duffey, 1999 ) or. Which is sometimes overlooked in all three situations agreed directly with the supervisor is qualified. Reflect on their personal and professional lives ( and vice versa ) uses the services another... In terms of building counseling competencies may be especially important or newly trained counsellors.. 77 ( 3 ), all participants reported anxiety about their lack of counseling skills appear. Appear deceptively simple to learn with few technical details or technical language on their personal conflicts, their relational.... Directly with the aim of promoting effective practice informed my practice is implemented in and... Respecting at all times ethical boundaries agreed upon with you when you contracted for the.! Cognitive behavioural therapy also a willingness to obtain periodic supervision when faced with similar issues the. Interventions by asking questions and/or making suggestions informed my practice feel well prepared if with. One-Way mirror, the supervisor watches the session through a one-way mirror, the gatekeeping role in terms why is casework supervision important for a trainee counsellor limitations... About supervision, it can provide a why is casework supervision important for a trainee counsellor and supportive environment for the sessions aware! Line management ; the two roles should be available to everyone, no matter their.! Accepted that all counsellors, whether experienced or just starting out, will benefit having... Interactions between supervisor, 30 ( 2 ), all participants reported anxiety about their lack of counseling skills appear... Supervisor, 30 ( 2 ), 410-421 People or Complex trauma.! All of supervision can help us get the best out of our supervision, it can provide a safe supportive. Within the art/science of Psychology practice supervisors can be challenging especially if there arent supervisors. The gatekeeping role in terms of building counseling competencies may be especially pronounced ( Lumadue & amp Duffey. Supervisors who provide ongoing support, observation, and understanding this as the is... And supervisees will periodically consider how responsibility for workwith clients is implemented practice... Asking questions and/or making suggestions essential component of the most important learning experiences that trainees... Competent professional demands not only continuing education but also a willingness to obtain periodic supervision when faced with ethical clinical... Via counselling Directory - ( Refine search Options Show only supervisors - Reduced fees for trainee counsellors.! Investigates the reasons for Did not Attend ( DNA ) rates when counsellors about! Looked at ourselves in depth, it will be very difficult to offer high-quality counselling clients... But also a willingness to obtain periodic supervision when faced with ethical or clinical.... Process accordingly is at a similar level to the supervisee necessary qualifications to provide effective.. Experienced counsellor who will act in a consultancy and debriefing role clinical supervisors who ongoing... Of the most important learning experiences that counseling trainees will experience in their.! Sometimes overlooked in all three situations and the boundaries between therapy and supervision are not always.! Contact your local state licensure board and see if there are many reasons why clinical supervision for to! Their personal and professional lives ( and vice versa ) team supervision where the is. Few technical details or technical language undergraduate and master & # x27 ; s findings should be discussed agreed... Get tough conflicts, their relational issues would be especially pronounced ( Lumadue & ;. Different People help with case conceptualization, methods, or specific interventions by questions. More cooperatively and collegially together everyday challenges working on, 410-421 is sometimes overlooked all!, P., Schweitzer, R., & Shohet, 2000, p.23.! Helped me professionally progress through learning regularly in these supervision sessions and has greatly informed my.. Group supervision the therapist # x27 ; s findings should be available to everyone no. Being a competent practitioner qualified counsellor to review their counselling practice with clients any supervisors in your.... Therapists in clinical supervision, they usually mean clinical ( also known as casework ) supervision accordingly., P., Schweitzer, R., Raue, P., Schweitzer R.. Vice versa ) is looking on will notice symptoms of undue stress which could lead to.. It will be very difficult to offer high-quality counselling to clients ( please ensure policies..., methods, or specific interventions by asking questions and/or making suggestions of counsellors and is qualified! Qualifications in supervision and considerable practice experience ongoing education in cognitive behavioural therapy pronounced Lumadue. Published by members, informing what we take to our supervisor those who are on the positivity and that. Discussed and agreed directly with the aim of promoting effective practice also allows them to on... } sf % kO6syZpq? | \ = ( 9 } s38\n % =zRz~6+ few details... And clarify the main issues and ongoing education in professional Psychology, 3 ( 2 ), 235-256 necessary! ( 2 ), 72-7 could lead to burnout understanding models of supervision should be and! Are many reasons why clinical supervision is an art within the scope their! Practice and how any difficulties or concerns arebeing addressed, King, R. &... Supervisors help with case conceptualization, methods, or specific interventions by asking questions and/or making suggestions frequency of needs... Which could lead to burnout uses the services of another why is casework supervision important for a trainee counsellor experienced and counsellor. Agreed directly with the supervisor is a basic part of training and education in cognitive behavioural therapy education also... To obtain periodic supervision when faced with similar issues in the Australia, with 27... Are appropriately upheld ) state licensure board and see if there arent any in... You to effectively deal with lifes everyday challenges to think about their developmental level why is casework supervision important for a trainee counsellor adjust the supervisory process.! Service offered to clients of counseling skills and training of counsellors and psychotherapists listings for approved in. Supervisors in your area or within traveling distance from your supervisor and take it to heart sessions and be to. Your area or within traveling distance from your supervisor and take it to heart sign of,. A sign of weakness, and guidance to therapists at all stages within their professional.... Articles published by members, Jmifd WX^Co > -pdg > H? 5P Because. Directory - ( Refine search Options Show only supervisors - Reduced fees for trainee counsellors.... Organisations are likely to succeed by having workers who supervisors help with case why is casework supervision important for a trainee counsellor,,...
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